哈爾濱粉體氣力輸送機的閥門分類-氣力輸送閥門結構性能
粉體氣力輸送機是以(yi)壓縮氣(qi)(qi)源(yuan)為輸送(song)(song)(song)動力(li),將粉狀物(wu)料(liao)在(zai)密(mi)閉(bi)容器中從一端輸送(song)(song)(song)到另(ling)外一端。氣(qi)(qi)力(li)輸送(song)(song)(song)所應(ying)用的行業(ye)(ye)非常廣泛,如電(dian)廠的煤(mei)粉、粉煤(mei)灰和(he)(he)爐底(di)渣,化(hua)(hua)工行業(ye)(ye)的化(hua)(hua)工原料(liao),建筑行業(ye)(ye)的水(shui)泥和(he)(he)石灰,食品醫藥衛(wei)生(sheng)等行業(ye)(ye)的各(ge)種粉料(liao)或顆粒物(wu)料(liao)等。而各(ge)種閥(fa)門的合理選用在(zai)氣(qi)(qi)力(li)輸送(song)(song)(song)中是至關重(zhong)要的。閥(fa)門要滿(man)足各(ge)行業(ye)(ye)氣(qi)(qi)力(li)輸送(song)(song)(song)的需(xu)求(qiu),應(ying)具(ju)有耐溫(wen)、耐腐蝕和(he)(he)耐磨損等各(ge)方面(mian)的優良性能。
2、閥門分類
典型的正壓氣(qi)力輸送系統。根據閥(fa)門在系統中的位置及(ji)作用(yong)(yong),分為進料用(yong)(yong)閥(fa)、排(pai)氣(qi)用(yong)(yong)閥(fa)、進氣(qi)用(yong)(yong)閥(fa)、出料用(yong)(yong)閥(fa)和切換用(yong)(yong)閥(fa)等。
2.1、進料(liao)用閥
進(jin)料用(yong)(yong)閥(fa)(fa)在氣力輸(shu)送中是(shi)用(yong)(yong)來切斷和接(jie)通(tong)物(wu)料從輸(shu)送點至輸(shu)送容器(qi)的(de)(de)閥(fa)(fa)門。合理(li)選(xuan)擇(ze)進(jin)料閥(fa)(fa)的(de)(de)口(kou)徑決定了物(wu)料的(de)(de)流量以及整(zheng)個(ge)系統(tong)的(de)(de)輸(shu)送能(neng)力。根據輸(shu)送介質的(de)(de)不(bu)同,對其耐溫、耐腐蝕和耐磨性能(neng)也有不(bu)同程度的(de)(de)要求。根據經驗,在不(bu)同的(de)(de)系統(tong)中通(tong)常(chang)選(xuan)擇(ze)閘閥(fa)(fa)、球閥(fa)(fa)、圓頂閥(fa)(fa)等作為(wei)進(jin)料用(yong)(yong)閥(fa)(fa)。
2.2、排(pai)氣用閥
排(pai)氣(qi)(qi)用閥(fa)是(shi)當氣(qi)(qi)力(li)輸送(song)(song)系統進(jin)料(liao)(liao)時(shi),將輸送(song)(song)系統內(nei)的(de)空氣(qi)(qi)排(pai)到(dao)進(jin)料(liao)(liao)倉或者煙道中的(de)閥(fa)門,以(yi)便于順暢下(xia)料(liao)(liao),縮短進(jin)料(liao)(liao)時(shi)間。其主要輸送(song)(song)介(jie)質(zhi)是(shi)帶有少量粉狀物料(liao)(liao)的(de)空氣(qi)(qi)。常用的(de)排(pai)氣(qi)(qi)閥(fa)有閘閥(fa)、蝶閥(fa)、夾管閥(fa)、球(qiu)閥(fa)以(yi)及圓頂閥(fa)等。
2.3、進氣用閥(fa)
常作(zuo)進氣(qi)用(yong)閥(fa)有蝶閥(fa)、球閥(fa)、角座閥(fa)等。進氣(qi)用(yong)閥(fa)的輸送(song)介質為壓縮(suo)空氣(qi),所(suo)以(yi)對(dui)耐磨蝕性要(yao)求不高(gao)。
2.4、出料用閥
當輸送(song)設備充滿物料(liao)后,開啟進氣閥(fa)(fa)(fa)和出(chu)料(liao)閥(fa)(fa)(fa),讓物料(liao)在(zai)壓縮(suo)空氣的驅動下在(zai)輸送(song)管道系統內輸送(song)。所以出(chu)料(liao)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)的介質為混(hun)有壓縮(suo)空氣的粉(fen)狀物料(liao)。作(zuo)為出(chu)料(liao)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)的閥(fa)(fa)(fa)門一般(ban)有閘閥(fa)(fa)(fa)、球閥(fa)(fa)(fa)、圓頂(ding)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)等。
2.5、分路(lu)用(yong)閥
分路(lu)(lu)閥(fa)可以起到分流和匯流的(de)作(zuo)用,將物(wu)料(liao)從多點(dian)匯集(ji)到一點(dian)或者將物(wu)料(liao)從一點(dian)分散到多點(dian)。作(zuo)為分路(lu)(lu)閥(fa)的(de)有球閥(fa)、蝶閥(fa)或組(zu)合閥(fa)等,也(ye)有各(ge)廠家(jia)自制的(de)分路(lu)(lu)閥(fa)。分路(lu)(lu)閥(fa)既可用于管路(lu)(lu)安裝(zhuang),也(ye)可用于庫(ku)(ku)(ku)頂(ding)安裝(zhuang)。一般用于庫(ku)(ku)(ku)頂(ding)安裝(zhuang)時(shi),閥(fa)門(men)入口需要連接(jie)彎頭,庫(ku)(ku)(ku)頂(ding)需裝(zhuang)個小型的(de)卸灰(hui)倉,以適當擴大(da)物(wu)料(liao)通道,減少灰(hui)庫(ku)(ku)(ku)揚塵。
3、閥門性能
3.1、閘閥
閘(zha)閥有(you)兩(liang)個閘(zha)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)來切斷物料,閘(zha)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)的(de)(de)(de)(de)材(cai)料可選用(yong)(yong)(yong)不(bu)(bu)銹鋼或合金(jin)鋼等,以(yi)適用(yong)(yong)(yong)于耐(nai)(nai)(nai)腐蝕和(he)耐(nai)(nai)(nai)磨損(sun)(sun)(sun)等工況。閘(zha)閥有(you)手(shou)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)、氣(qi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)和(he)電(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)3種(zhong)操作方(fang)(fang)式。通常選用(yong)(yong)(yong)氣(qi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)或者電(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)兩(liang)種(zhong)自(zi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)控制(zhi)方(fang)(fang)式。但是(shi)(shi)(shi)由于其結(jie)構(gou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)原因,閘(zha)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)的(de)(de)(de)(de)行(xing)程較長(chang),對氣(qi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)或者電(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)裝置的(de)(de)(de)(de)扭矩(ju)要求(qiu)大(da),動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作周期較長(chang),使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)不(bu)(bu)夠靈活。氣(qi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)閘(zha)閥是(shi)(shi)(shi)在氣(qi)缸的(de)(de)(de)(de)帶(dai)(dai)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)下閘(zha)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)開啟或關(guan)閉閥門,丁(ding)字形(xing)閘(zha)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)座(zuo)(zuo)采用(yong)(yong)(yong)特殊結(jie)構(gou),在帶(dai)(dai)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)閘(zha)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)直線運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)同時沿中(zhong)心作圓(yuan)周轉動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong),對閥座(zuo)(zuo)密(mi)封面(mian)起到(dao)了一定的(de)(de)(de)(de)自(zi)研(yan)磨以(yi)及(ji)拋光清潔(jie)作用(yong)(yong)(yong),從而(er)使(shi)密(mi)封閘(zha)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)圓(yuan)周均勻(yun)承(cheng)受(shou)物料的(de)(de)(de)(de)沖擊和(he)磨損(sun)(sun)(sun),避免了閘(zha)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)在長(chang)期運(yun)行(xing)過程中(zhong)局部損(sun)(sun)(sun)壞(huai)或磨穿,使(shi)其壽命大(da)大(da)延(yan)長(chang)。同時,雙閘(zha)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)在彈(dan)簧(huang)靜(jing)壓下能(neng)保證兩(liang)面(mian)密(mi)封不(bu)(bu)滲漏,當(dang)閘(zha)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)的(de)(de)(de)(de)一面(mian)有(you)壓力時,另一面(mian)通過彈(dan)簧(huang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)作用(yong)(yong)(yong)能(neng)和(he)密(mi)封座(zuo)(zuo)更(geng)緊密(mi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)接觸,以(yi)達到(dao)密(mi)封的(de)(de)(de)(de)效果(guo)。該(gai)閥在使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)主要問題是(shi)(shi)(shi)密(mi)封及(ji)閘(zha)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)的(de)(de)(de)(de)沖刷損(sun)(sun)(sun)壞(huai)。該(gai)閥適合于在*開或*關(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)狀態(tai)下工作,如果(guo)閘(zha)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)長(chang)期處(chu)于半開關(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)狀態(tai)下工作,閘(zha)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)的(de)(de)(de)(de)密(mi)封面(mian)會因受(shou)介(jie)質沖刷而(er)變(bian)得不(bu)(bu)嚴密(mi)。因此該(gai)閥門在耐(nai)(nai)(nai)沖刷以(yi)及(ji)耐(nai)(nai)(nai)磨損(sun)(sun)(sun)方(fang)(fang)面(mian)還應進一步改進。
3.2球閥
球(qiu)閥(fa)(fa)通(tong)常是(shi)選(xuan)用自動(dong)(氣動(dong)或電(dian)動(dong))控(kong)制球(qiu)閥(fa)(fa)。球(qiu)閥(fa)(fa)有(you)軟密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)和硬密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)2種。軟密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)球(qiu)閥(fa)(fa)的閥(fa)(fa)座密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)圈材(cai)(cai)料(liao)是(shi)聚四氟(fu)乙烯,其具有(you)摩擦(ca)系數小(xiao),性(xing)能(neng)穩定,不易老化(hua)和密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)性(xing)能(neng)優良的特點。因為聚四氟(fu)乙烯具有(you)較高(gao)的膨(peng)脹系數、對冷流的敏感性(xing)和不良的熱傳(chuan)導性(xing),當密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)變硬時,密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)的可靠性(xing)就受(shou)到(dao)影響。而且(qie),聚四氟(fu)乙烯的耐(nai)溫等(deng)級較低,只(zhi)能(neng)在小(xiao)于180℃情況下使(shi)用。超過此溫度,密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)就會軟化(hua)。當長期使(shi)用時,溫度一(yi)般應控(kong)制在120℃以下。
硬(ying)密封球(qiu)閥(fa)(fa)作為進料閥(fa)(fa)一般(ban)用(yong)于介質溫度(du)較高的(de)電廠除灰(hui)系(xi)統,由于氣(qi)力(li)輸(shu)送系(xi)統通常(chang)24h連續工(gong)作,閥(fa)(fa)門動作頻率比較高,一般(ban)幾分鐘,短的(de)甚至幾十(shi)秒鐘就會動作一次。如果(guo)硬(ying)密封球(qiu)閥(fa)(fa)的(de)使用(yong)壽(shou)命為2～3萬次,假設在氣(qi)力(li)輸(shu)送系(xi)統中(zhong),閥(fa)(fa)門5min動作一次,那么(me)球(qiu)閥(fa)(fa)的(de)使用(yong)壽(shou)命為70～104天,閥(fa)(fa)門的(de)使用(yong)壽(shou)命較短。因(yin)此,在電廠除灰(hui)系(xi)統中(zhong),需要(yao)使用(yong)壽(shou)命更長的(de)硬(ying)密封球(qiu)閥(fa)(fa)。
3.3、圓頂閥
圓頂閥由于其結構的特殊性,通常是氣力輸送機中的(de)**閥(fa)(fa)門。圓頂(ding)閥(fa)(fa)的(de)殼體(ti)與穹形(xing)閥(fa)(fa)瓣材料(liao)(liao)常選用(yong)(yong)球墨鑄鐵(tie)、不銹鋼、特種耐(nai)磨(mo)材料(liao)(liao)和(he)(he)鋼襯氟(fu)塑料(liao)(liao)。密(mi)封圈材料(liao)(liao)常選用(yong)(yong)氯丁(ding)橡(xiang)膠(jiao)(jiao)、硅酮橡(xiang)膠(jiao)(jiao)、氟(fu)橡(xiang)膠(jiao)(jiao)和(he)(he)三元(yuan)乙丙橡(xiang)膠(jiao)(jiao)等。圓頂(ding)閥(fa)(fa)是依靠(kao)壓縮空氣實(shi)現緊密(mi)密(mi)封效(xiao)果的(de)特殊閥(fa)(fa)門,適用(yong)(yong)于(yu)處理含塵氣體(ti)、沖蝕性散(san)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)物料(liao)(liao),如用(yong)(yong)于(yu)庫/倉的(de)放(fang)料(liao)(liao)閥(fa)(fa)、工藝流程閥(fa)(fa)門、換向閥(fa)(fa)門、反(fan)應堆閥(fa)(fa)門、流化床(chuang)燃燒室(shi)閥(fa)(fa)門、高壓氣體(ti)反(fan)應器和(he)(he)降壓裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置等。
圓(yuan)頂(ding)閥(fa)(fa)關閉(bi)時,密(mi)封(feng)圈(quan)處于完*松(song)弛(chi)(不(bu)充氣)狀態,閥(fa)(fa)瓣與閥(fa)(fa)座(zuo)之(zhi)間(jian)存(cun)在一定(ding)的(de)間(jian)隙(xi)(xi)。閥(fa)(fa)瓣旋(xuan)轉(zhuan),物料隨著(zhu)閥(fa)(fa)瓣的(de)轉(zhuan)動(dong),有(you)的(de)穿過該間(jian)隙(xi)(xi)進入(ru)容器,有(you)的(de)停留在間(jian)隙(xi)(xi)處。當閥(fa)(fa)瓣旋(xuan)轉(zhuan)至關閉(bi)位(wei)置,密(mi)封(feng)圈(quan)開(kai)(kai)始充氣膨脹,并緊(jin)緊(jin)裹住間(jian)隙(xi)(xi)里各種形(xing)狀的(de)顆粒(li)附著(zhu)在閥(fa)(fa)瓣的(de)邊緣,圓(yuan)頂(ding)閥(fa)(fa)完*關閉(bi)。圓(yuan)頂(ding)閥(fa)(fa)開(kai)(kai)啟之(zhi)前,密(mi)封(feng)圈(quan)先排氣至完*松(song)弛(chi)。閥(fa)(fa)瓣與閥(fa)(fa)座(zuo)間(jian)恢復到原來(lai)的(de)間(jian)隙(xi)(xi),閥(fa)(fa)瓣開(kai)(kai)始轉(zhuan)動(dong)至開(kai)(kai)位(wei)。
根據適用(yong)物(wu)料(liao)情況可選(xuan)用(yong)帶(dai)刮(gua)(gua)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(清潔粘(zhan)(zhan)附在穹體(ti)表面(mian)的(de)(de)殘余物(wu)料(liao),用(yong)于粘(zhan)(zhan)性(xing)(xing)物(wu)料(liao))或(huo)不(bu)帶(dai)刮(gua)(gua)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(適用(yong)于流動性(xing)(xing)*的(de)(de)物(wu)料(liao))的(de)(de)圓頂(ding)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)。圓頂(ding)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)使用(yong)時必須檢查(cha)所有(you)緊(jin)(jin)固件,尤其確保閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)內(nei)固定穹形體(ti)和(he)(he)軸的(de)(de)螺栓(shuan)已(yi)緊(jin)(jin)固。圓頂(ding)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)開(kai)啟或(huo)關閉時,兩側應無壓(ya)差,否(fou)(fou)則(ze)壓(ya)力高側的(de)(de)氣體(ti)和(he)(he)物(wu)料(liao)將(jiang)高速穿(chuan)過閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)瓣(ban)和(he)(he)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)的(de)(de)間隙,造(zao)成閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)瓣(ban)和(he)(he)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)磨損。可膨脹密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)在閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)門(men)開(kai)啟或(huo)關閉之前應該完*收縮,否(fou)(fou)則(ze)將(jiang)造(zao)成閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)瓣(ban)切割(ge)損壞密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)。可膨脹密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)的(de)(de)膨脹壓(ya)力必須高于閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)門(men)的(de)(de)介質(zhi)壓(ya)力,否(fou)(fou)則(ze)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)將(jiang)不(bu)完*膨脹,會導致(zhi)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)和(he)(he)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)瓣(ban)之間產生空氣及(ji)物(wu)料(liao)泄漏(lou),會沖刷密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)、閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)瓣(ban)及(ji)其他部件。
圓頂閥由于(yu)其獨特的結構和加工工藝,使其可(ke)(ke)在磨(mo)損(sun)、高溫(wen)、腐(fu)蝕或粘(zhan)性等(deng)特殊工況下(xia)連續穩(wen)定地運行,性能可(ke)(ke)靠,在正常使用工況下(xia),每運轉100萬次才需要檢修一次。密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)圈是*一的磨(mo)損(sun)件(jian)。由于(yu)密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)圈是一種(zhong)柔性部(bu)件(jian),位于(yu)托(tuo)圈和頂盤之間,由緊固件(jian)固定,便(bian)于(yu)拆卸(xie)和檢修。
根據(ju)適(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)物料情(qing)況可(ke)選用(yong)(yong)(yong)帶刮圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(清(qing)潔粘附在(zai)(zai)穹體表面的(de)殘余(yu)物料,用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)粘性物料)或不(bu)帶刮圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(適(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)流動性*的(de)物料)的(de)圓(yuan)頂(ding)閥(fa)(fa)。圓(yuan)頂(ding)閥(fa)(fa)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)時必(bi)須檢查所有(you)緊固(gu)件,尤(you)其(qi)確保閥(fa)(fa)內固(gu)定穹形體和(he)軸的(de)螺栓(shuan)已緊固(gu)。圓(yuan)頂(ding)閥(fa)(fa)開啟或關(guan)(guan)閉時,兩側應無(wu)壓(ya)差,否(fou)則(ze)壓(ya)力(li)高(gao)側的(de)氣體和(he)物料將高(gao)速穿過(guo)閥(fa)(fa)瓣(ban)和(he)密封(feng)(feng)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)的(de)間(jian)隙,造(zao)成閥(fa)(fa)瓣(ban)和(he)密封(feng)(feng)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)磨損。可(ke)膨(peng)脹密封(feng)(feng)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)在(zai)(zai)閥(fa)(fa)門開啟或關(guan)(guan)閉之前應該完*收縮(suo),否(fou)則(ze)將造(zao)成閥(fa)(fa)瓣(ban)切割損壞(huai)密封(feng)(feng)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)。可(ke)膨(peng)脹密封(feng)(feng)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)的(de)膨(peng)脹壓(ya)力(li)必(bi)須高(gao)于(yu)閥(fa)(fa)門的(de)介質壓(ya)力(li),否(fou)則(ze)密封(feng)(feng)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)將不(bu)完*膨(peng)脹,會導致密封(feng)(feng)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)和(he)閥(fa)(fa)瓣(ban)之間(jian)產生(sheng)空氣及物料泄漏,會沖刷密封(feng)(feng)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)、閥(fa)(fa)瓣(ban)及其(qi)他(ta)部件。
3.4、蝶閥
蝶閥(fa)具(ju)有(you)結構簡單,體積(ji)小(xiao),質量(liang)輕,材料耗(hao)用省,安裝尺寸小(xiao),開關(guan)迅(xun)速,90°往復回轉,驅動力(li)矩小(xiao)等特(te)點(dian),用于截斷、接通(tong)和(he)調節管(guan)路中的(de)(de)介質,具(ju)有(you)良*的(de)(de)流體控(kong)制特(te)性和(he)關(guan)閉密封性能。
1.閥體2.閘(zha)板3.閥桿4.多層次密封圈5.填料6.支(zhi)架7.電動裝置
蝶(die)(die)(die)板的流線形設(she)計,使(shi)流體阻力變小(xiao),是一(yi)種節(jie)能(neng)(neng)型產品。隨著(zhu)耐(nai)(nai)高溫(wen)、耐(nai)(nai)低(di)溫(wen)、耐(nai)(nai)強腐蝕、高強度(du)合金材料在(zai)蝶(die)(die)(die)閥(fa)(fa)中的應(ying)用(yong),使(shi)金屬密(mi)封(feng)蝶(die)(die)(die)閥(fa)(fa)在(zai)高溫(wen)、低(di)溫(wen)、強沖蝕等工(gong)況(kuang)下得到廣泛的應(ying)用(yong),并部分(fen)取代了截止閥(fa)(fa)、閘閥(fa)(fa)和(he)球閥(fa)(fa)。由于蝶(die)(die)(die)閥(fa)(fa)蝶(die)(die)(die)板的運(yun)動(dong)帶(dai)(dai)有擦拭性,故大多數蝶(die)(die)(die)閥(fa)(fa)可(ke)(ke)用(yong)于帶(dai)(dai)懸浮顆(ke)(ke)粒(li)的介(jie)質,依(yi)據密(mi)封(feng)件的強度(du)也(ye)可(ke)(ke)用(yong)于粉(fen)狀和(he)顆(ke)(ke)粒(li)狀的介(jie)質,又(you)能(neng)(neng)進行靈敏的流量(liang)控制(zhi),蝶(die)(die)(die)閥(fa)(fa)的結(jie)構原(yuan)理適合于制(zhi)作大口(kou)徑(jing)閥(fa)(fa)門。在(zai)要(yao)求(qiu)節(jie)流和(he)調(diao)(diao)(diao)節(jie)控制(zhi)流量(liang)、泥漿介(jie)質及(ji)含固體顆(ke)(ke)粒(li)介(jie)質、要(yao)求(qiu)閥(fa)(fa)門結(jie)構長度(du)短、要(yao)求(qiu)啟閉速度(du)快和(he)壓差較小(xiao)的工(gong)況(kuang)條件下,推薦選用(yong)蝶(die)(die)(die)閥(fa)(fa)。在(zai)雙(shuang)位調(diao)(diao)(diao)節(jie)、縮口(kou)的通道(dao)、低(di)噪聲、有氣(qi)穴和(he)氣(qi)化現象、向大氣(qi)少量(liang)滲(shen)漏及(ji)介(jie)質有磨(mo)損性時(shi),可(ke)(ke)以選用(yong)蝶(die)(die)(die)閥(fa)(fa)。在(zai)特殊工(gong)況(kuang)條件下節(jie)流調(diao)(diao)(diao)節(jie)或要(yao)求(qiu)密(mi)封(feng)嚴格,過磨(mo)損嚴重、低(di)溫(wen)(深(shen)冷)等工(gong)況(kuang)條件下使(shi)用(yong)蝶(die)(die)(die)閥(fa)(fa)時(shi),應(ying)選用(yong)特殊設(she)計金屬密(mi)封(feng)帶(dai)(dai)調(diao)(diao)(diao)節(jie)裝置的三偏(pian)心或雙(shuang)偏(pian)心的專用(yong)蝶(die)(die)(die)閥(fa)(fa)。
3.5、夾管閥
夾管(guan)閥(fa)(fa)有法蘭和螺(luo)紋(wen)2種(zhong)連接(jie)形(xing)式(shi)。DN10～50夾管(guan)閥(fa)(fa)可(ke)選用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)螺(luo)紋(wen)連接(jie)方(fang)式(shi),DN40～250夾管(guan)閥(fa)(fa)可(ke)以(yi)選用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)法蘭連接(jie)形(xing)式(shi)。夾管(guan)閥(fa)(fa)無阻礙流道,低流阻,無阻塞,100%關斷密封,低耗氣(qi)量,質量輕,廣泛應用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)有顆粒、粉末、纖維、黏(nian)漿等(deng)磨(mo)(mo)損(sun)性(xing)物(wu)質的化(hua)工、紙漿、造紙、食(shi)品、電力、再循環、水處(chu)理和礦物(wu)加工等(deng)行業(ye)。夾管(guan)閥(fa)(fa)控(kong)制簡單,比(bi)較(jiao)(jiao)經(jing)濟,夾管(guan)更換方(fang)便,通(tong)常選用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)夾管(guan)閥(fa)(fa)作為(wei)排氣(qi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)閥(fa)(fa)。由于(yu)夾管(guan)為(wei)橡(xiang)膠制品,其耐(nai)磨(mo)(mo)和耐(nai)溫性(xing)能均不(bu)及圓(yuan)頂閥(fa)(fa)。可(ke)以(yi)根(gen)據不(bu)同(tong)的使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)工況來選擇排氣(qi)閥(fa)(fa),在使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)溫度不(bu)高(gao),物(wu)料磨(mo)(mo)損(sun)性(xing)不(bu)強的情(qing)(qing)況下,選用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)夾管(guan)閥(fa)(fa)性(xing)價比(bi)較(jiao)(jiao)*。高(gao)溫或物(wu)料磨(mo)(mo)損(sun)性(xing)較(jiao)(jiao)強的情(qing)(qing)況下,可(ke)選用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)閘(zha)閥(fa)(fa)、球(qiu)閥(fa)(fa)、蝶閥(fa)(fa)、以(yi)及圓(yuan)頂閥(fa)(fa),但(dan)是球(qiu)閥(fa)(fa)和蝶閥(fa)(fa)相對(dui)壽(shou)命較(jiao)(jiao)短(duan),閘(zha)閥(fa)(fa)體積較(jiao)(jiao)大(da),動作不(bu)靈活,圓(yuan)頂閥(fa)(fa)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)壽(shou)命*長,維護(hu)方(fang)便,只是價格較(jiao)(jiao)高(gao),但(dan)總的性(xing)價比(bi)還是很(hen)*的。
3.6、直流式氣動控(kong)制閥(角座閥)
角(jiao)座閥常用(yong)規格(ge)為(wei)(wei)DN10～65,根據連(lian)接(jie)(jie)形(xing)式(shi)一般可(ke)分為(wei)(wei)螺(luo)紋(wen)(wen)和焊接(jie)(jie)式(shi)兩種,根據控制形(xing)式(shi)可(ke)分為(wei)(wei)單(dan)作用(yong)角(jiao)座閥和雙作用(yong)角(jiao)座閥。閥體材(cai)質為(wei)(wei)不(bu)(bu)銹鋼,閥座密(mi)封(feng)材(cai)質主(zhu)要(yao)為(wei)(wei)PTFE,適用(yong)介質為(wei)(wei)水、中(zhong)性(xing)氣(qi)體或液(ye)體、酒精、油(you)、有(you)機溶劑、水蒸汽(qi)、弱酸或弱堿溶液(ye)等(deng),適用(yong)溫度范圍(wei)-100～180℃,適用(yong)壓(ya)力范圍(wei)為(wei)(wei)≤116MPa。在氣(qi)力輸送(song)系統中(zhong)一般選(xuan)用(yong)螺(luo)紋(wen)(wen)連(lian)接(jie)(jie)的單(dan)作用(yong)角(jiao)座閥。對(dui)于(yu)不(bu)(bu)同(tong)的輸送(song)系統可(ke)以根據需要(yao)選(xuan)用(yong)。
4、結語
為了保(bao)證氣力(li)輸送系統(tong)運行穩(wen)定,應合(he)理選擇閥(fa)門的類型,并做*維護保(bao)養工作。
